The key to understanding life on Earth is its water. The key to understanding its water is its hydrogen isotope ratio.
” and the authors are Cecilia Ceccarelli and Fujun Du. Ceccarelli is an Italian astronomer at the Institute for Planetary Sciences and Astrophysics in Grenoble, France. Du is an astronomer at the Purple Mountain Observatory in Nanjing, China.. The cloud is mostly hydrogen, water’s main component. Next are helium, oxygen, and carbon, in order of abundance. The cloud also contains tiny grains of silicate dust and carbonaceous dust.
When water ice forms a mantle on dust grains, the authors call it the cold phase, step one in the process they outline in their article. In step two, the protostar hasn’t begun fusion yet. But it still generates enough heat to sublimate the water ice on dust grains into vapour. Image Credit: Ceccarelli and Du, 2022.Next, the star begins to rotate, and the surrounding gas and dust form a flattened, rotating disk called a. Everything that will eventually become the solar system’s planets and other features is inside that disk.
A protoplanetary disc surrounding the young star HL Tauri, as shown by the Atacama Large Millimetre/sub-millimetre Array. These new ALMA observations reveal substructures within the disc that have never been seen before and even show the possible positions of planets forming in the dark patches within the system. Images like this help scientists understand our Solar System’s history, including its water.
Hot corinos have a higher abundance of heavy water than other regions. This image shows a pair of hot corinos around a young binary star system named IRAS 4A. Image Credit: Bill Saxton, NRAO/AUI/NSF More than enough water was created to account for Earth’s water. Remember that the amount of water in the hot corino was 10,000 times more than Earth’s water, and its HDO/H2O ratio is different from the water formed in the initial cloud. How much of the corino water reached Earth? A hint can be found by comparing HDO/H2O values in terrestrial water with those of hot corinos.
The authors wrap things up in their conclusion. “The water in comets and asteroids was also inherited since the beginning in large quantities. Earth likely inherited its original water predominantly from planetesimals, which are supposed to be the precursors of the asteroids and planets that formed the Earth, rather than from the comets that rained on it.”
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