It doesn't require any changes to underwater infrastructure.
came up with the idea
to use this network to monitor subtle changes on the seafloor, including the telltale signs of earthquakes and tsunamis. Early versions of the technology borrowed techniques that engineers in the oil and gas industry use to study deposits of fossil fuels. They measured backscatter from signals that bounced off molecules in the cables. Those signals contained valuable information about the physical state of the cable, including seismic activity that was occurring in the ground where it was laid.
“These return paths are used by the cable operator to periodically check the health of the optical amplifiers,” the researchers explain. “These checks are typically performed on a schedule or if there is a malfunction, leaving these channels unused most of the time,” they say. The researchers managed to detect earthquakes by carefully measuring how light changed as it traveled along these pathways.
“By converting submarine cables into arrays of environmental sensors, a large network of hundreds or thousands of permanent and real-time seafloor sensors could be implemented without modification of the existing subsea infrastructure,” they write. An array of that size could make it possible to detect earthquakes and tsunamis with better accuracy and resolution than current methods.
The array could also enable scientific research that’s far too expensive with today’s technology. “ The ability to record seismic phases in the middle of ocean basins could enable the imaging of previously obscured structures such as mid-ocean ridges and oceanic fault zones,” they write.The technique could also contribute to more accurate climate models. “The cable sensitivity to water currents could be explored to improve our understanding of deepwater flows..
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