. “The challenge in Africa is how to get from controlling malaria to eliminating it,” says Professor Tiaan de Jager, Director of UP’s Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control. “Malaria parasites are becoming more resistant to antimalarial drugs and insecticide resistance in vectors is increasing, presenting another problem for malaria control.”Perhaps the biggest challenge of all is the disease complexity itself.
One recent approach has been to use the Medicines for Malaria Venture and Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative’s, which contains a collection of 400 diverse drug-like molecules with previously reported activity against bacteria, viruses or fungi. With international partners, this box was screened for efficacy against liver-stage parasites, blood-stage parasites and gametocytes, enabling them to pinpoint compounds with potential for further development towards new drug candidates.
For example, a patient could be treated for malaria symptoms at a clinic, but if any blood-stage parasites escape the treatment to form gametocytes, the new compounds could be “added on” to kill the gametocytes when they develop. This combination treatment offers hope in the face of drug resistance, because even if parasites evade compounds intended to kill them in the blood stage due to resistance, there is another chance to beat them as gametocytes.
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