As is the case with Covid-19, breathing spreads TB and not coughing: study

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Researchers believe the latest finding helps explain why overcrowded spaces, like prisons and informal settlements, often are breeding grounds for TB.

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Presenting the latest research at The Union World Conference on Lung Health, which is being held virtually this week, the researchers, who conducted the study on TB patients in Cape Town, using a specially constructed respiratory aerosol sampling chamber , found that as much as 90% of TB bacteria released from TB patients may be carried in tiny droplets, known as aerosols, which are expelled when a person exhales deeply.

This study is an important step forward in our understanding of aerosol transmission of disease and its findings are as relevant for Covid-19 as they are for TB.If the number of organisms detected reflects infectivity, researchers argue this would suggest that normal breathing might contribute to asymptomatic transmission in high-burden endemic settings.

Lead author of the study and PhD candidate, Ryan Dinkele from UCT's molecular mycobacteriology research unit, said if tidal or normal breathing is a primary driver, or even as important as cough in TB transmission, then symptomatic screening for TB-transmitters may not be useful in slowing the spread of the disease.

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