Water worlds are exoplanets with enough water to form a hydrosphere. Many of the exoplanets we’ve discovered are super-Earths and/or mini-Neptunes, and scientists expect some of them to be water worlds. On those planets, electrolytes probably play a similar role in habitability that they do on Earth’s oceans.
.” It’s published in the journal Nature Communications, and the lead author is Jean-Alexis Hernandez, a researcher at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The ice in these mantles is different than Earth’s ice. A series of ice types form under higher pressures on more massive planets. Regular, atmospheric Earth ice is called Ice I. Researchers have created other types in laboratory experiments, from Ice II to Ice VII. In one experiment, researchers subjected a drop of water to a powerful shock wave and created Ice VII, though it only lasted a moment.
This figure from the study shows how NaCl can be released from an exoplanet’s silicate mantle and flow upward due to convection. Image Credit: Hernandez et al. 2022.
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