he islands that form Tonga lie along a subduction zone where one part of the Earth's crust dips under another.
Regarding the eruption's power estimate, Garvin said that they came up with a number that's equivalent to around 10 megatons of TNT. If that didn't sound like a lot, 10 megatons of TNT is 500 times more powerful than the nuclear bomb dropped on Hiroshima, Japan, at the end of World War II. Aside from its explosive force, the eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai itself was relatively small and lasted less than 60 minutes, compared to other volcano eruptions in history, according to The blast was reportedly heard as far away as Alaska and was probably one of the loudest events to occur on earth in over a hundred years, but the real mystery is how such a relatively small eruption could create such a big bang and tsunami, says Poland.
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