The world very nearly adopted a calendar with 13 months of 28 days

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Long before the current debate over Daylight Saving Time, a League of Nations proposal for a revised global calendar sparked the “Battle for the Sabbath.”

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A mercantile calendar for the year 1860. The Gregorian calendar we're familiar with was nearly replaced in the 1920s and 30s with the International Fixed Calendar, with 13 months of 28 days. (John H. Duyckinck/Library of Congress)In the aftermath of World War I, delegates from dozens of countries met at a League of Nations conference in Geneva hoping to create a universal calendar that would unite the world. It was my great-great-grandfather’s job to stop them.

The thought of the Sabbath falling on Wednesdays had the Jewish world up in arms. “On the morrow of all this woe and disillusion, and on the brink of such threatened upheaval, the League of Nations could still think it worth while to embark on a quixotic enterprise like calendar tinkering,” lamented Chief Rabbi of England Joseph Hertz in his 1931 paper “The Battle for the Sabbath at Geneva.

The fourth General League of Nations Conference on Communication and Transit began on Oct. 12, 1931. Hundreds of calendar proposals had been submitted, but only one was really under consideration: the International Fixed Calendar. And the attitude among government delegates at the conference seemed to be that the IFC was all but a done deal.On the opening day, Hertz was among the first to speak.

His argument was practical rather than religious, outlining logistical disadvantages of the new scheme: Every insurance premium, he pointed out, every monthly or quarterly rate, every contract worldwide that included dates from the Gregorian calendar would have to be renegotiated. Bonds coming due at certain times would be thrown into confusion. The litigation would be never-ending.

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