The fight to stop the next pandemic starts in the jungles of Borneo

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Globalization and ecological disturbances have knocked down many of the natural barriers that keep viruses at bay. Smart conservation practices can change that.

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, Kinari Webb took a year off college to join a Harvard researcher studying orangutans in Indonesia’s rainforested Gunung Palung National Park. As the aspiring primatologist dissected dung samples to determine the animals’ feeding habits, the buzz of chainsaws and theof falling dipterocarp trees—some of the tallest species in the world, routinely rising more than 200 feet—broke through the great apes’ calls.

Kinari Webb walks through the old-growth rainforest she works to protect. Jilli, a local who now works with Webb’s conservation efforts, tends an organic demonstration garden.Consider the Black Death, which in the 1300s killed up to half of Europe.

In ASRI’s first decade of operation, the number of households that log in the surrounding land dropped by nearly 90 percent, 52,000 acres of Gunung Palung forest regrew, and infant mortality fell by two-thirds. The 122,000 residents in ASRI’s service areas now have access to a level of care largely unheard of in such remote locales—all the more essential once COVID-19 entered the region.

, writes, the take-home is simple: “Ecological disturbance causes diseases to emerge. Shake a tree, and things fall out.” Borneans have a tradition of slash-and-burn agriculture. As crops deplete the soil of nutrients, villagers constantly clear new plots of land. But the Javanese traditionally grow in one place year after year by enriching the earth with compost and cover crops that add nitrogen. Slash-and-burn was sustainable when populations were smaller and other pressures on the forest fewer, but in modern times it’s an ecological disaster.

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