Nigeria’s instability is largely born of poor governance. Britain, the colonial power, lumped together many groups in one country: Muslims in the north, Christians in the south, numerous and overlapping ethnic groups in different regions. Politics has long been a tussle to grab petrodollars, the source of nearly all government revenues. All groups gripe that they are short-changed. Most are right—a corrupt elite grabs a huge portion, leaving only scraps for ordinary Nigerians of any group.
The Nigerian government also boasts that thousands of Boko Haram insurgents have recently surrendered. Yet this is the result of fighting between Boko Haram and ISWAP, rather than of successes by Nigeria’s army, says Mr Foucher. Despite having similar aims, the groups hate each other. Kidnappers have made life perilous in much of Nigeria. In July gunmen shot up a hospital in Kaduna and kidnapped ten people, including two babies. In August, audacious bandits attacked the Nigerian Defence Academy, the equivalent of West Point, killing two soldiers and grabbing a major.
Nigeria’s third big security threat is in the south-east, where separatists are trying to revive Biafra, a state inhabited largely by Igbos . Many Igbos feel marginalised and ill-treated by the central government. The main separatist group, the Indigenous Peoples of Biafra , is demanding a Biafra that includes all of Nigeria’s main oil-producing states, even the ones where Igbos are a minority.
IPOB supporters are easy to find in the south-east. They want to “wipe us out” but “we are not mosquitos” to be swatted, shouts Kelvin, a 36-year-old, gesturing angrily at nearby soldiers. “If Nigeria doesn’t want to leave, if they want violence, we will go for violence.” Ferocious crackdowns by the security forces drive young men to join the rebels.
A mixture of neglect and sporadic brutality by the government makes matters worse. Boko Haram became more extreme after its original leader, Mohammed Yusuf, was shot dead in police custody. The arrest in 2015 of Mr Kanu raised his profile. After a raid on his house in 2017, IPOB grew more violent. With each tit for tat, “Pandora’s box creaks open a little wider,” says Matthew Page of Chatham House, a think-tank in London.
Killed by British-made weapons.
Heart-wrenching to read about this. Thank you for the in-depth story and the great work you do on a daily basis.
BTC fixes this.
Again, religious sectarianism is playing a large part here and extremist Islam in the form of Boko Haram is wreaking havoc in the north-east of the country
Nigeria is a failed state. No cap 🧢
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