How and why megalodon went extinct

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The extinction of the planet's biggest sharks offers fascinating insights into their contemporary apex predators, great whites.

Megalodon first appear in the fossil record around 20 million years ago, having descended from a lineage that appeared about 60 million years ago. The species was found across Earth's oceans, except in the polar regions, and it would feed on whales, seals, turtles and other sharks."Right now we have the extinction date pinned down to an 800,000 year period, between 4 and 3.2 million years ago, with the highest likelihood of going extinct about 3.

"During the Pliocene, between 5.3 and 2.6 million years ago, sea levels were changing constantly and quite dramatically. This will have naturally reduced coastal habitats, which we know megalodon lived in to find food and use nursery areas for its young. A great white shark seen off the coast of Mexico. One theory regarding the extinction of megalodon is that they were out-competed by great white sharks."Megalodon is a fantastic case study for future extinctions because it was an apex predator that lived all over the world transporting nutrients and regulating prey populations," Cooper said."Its extinction tells us that large sharks are sensitive to food availability and sea level changes in coastal areas.

 

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