Digital records from 19th Century give Black families a glimpse of their ancestry

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Millions of Freedmen’s Bureau records have become newly available, helping to break down a barrier to history that many Black families couldn't access. - NBCBLK

horse stolen. Another notation said he had shopped for bacon, a broom and tobacco in “Short’s Place” in Louisiana about seven months before the 13th Amendment was passed in 1865.

For decades, the information was hard to come by. It required patience and determination, attributes that allowed Sewell-Smith to hole up in the National Archives, libraries and research centers — and her desk at home — to go through archaic microfilm by the thousands, document by document.3.5 million recordsIt is believed to be the world’s largest digitized and searchable collection of Freedmen’s Bureau and Freedman’s Bank archives.

Further, the collection is significant because it is most likely the first time newly freed African Americans appear in records after the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, as many enslaved people were previously excluded from standard census and federal documents. “On my mother’s side of the family, from South Carolina, I found big sprawling plantations and fields and bills of sale, and families who are buying Africans off slave ships from Ghana and Mali and Senegal. I found out about the Freedmen’s Bureau, through my mother’s ancestors, because those were the ancestors who were enslaved during the Civil War.”

“There’s not a day that I am not on the computer searching for my family and reading other records,” she said. “It’s addicting. Seeing my ancestors recorded on a labor contract ... I tear up seeing their names. And now, with this Freedmen’s Bureau breakthrough, you can get records beyond 1870. That’s like breaking down the wall of Jericho.”

 

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