North Korea and China have reopened freight train traffic, Seoul says

North Korea and China resumed freight train service Monday following a five-month hiatus, South Korean officials said, as North Korea struggles to revive an economy battered by the pandemic, U.N. sanctions and other factors.

The reopening came after North Korean leader Kim Jong Un last month made a dubious claim to have overcome the COVID-19 pandemic and ordered an easing of the restrictions guarding against the spread of the coronavirus.

South Korea’s Unification Ministry, which handles relations with North Korea, said it assessed that North Korea-China freight railway service had restarted Monday. Spokesperson Cho Joonghoon said how long the train service would last and what goods would be transferred remain to be seen.

Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin later told a regular briefing that China and North Korea had agreed to resume cross-border freight transport between two of their border cities “according to border-related treaties and through friendly consultation.” North Korea’s state media didn’t immediately confirm the reopening.

Earlier Monday, South Korea’s Yonhap news agency said it saw a freight train with more than 10 cars leaving the Chinese border city of Dandong and crossing a railway bridge into North Korea’s Sinuiju city.

Kim Jong Un likely wants to import consumer goods, materials needed to build residences in Pyongyang and modernize factories in rural areas, and other items related to his hope to improve public livelihoods, said Lim Eul-chul, a professor at Kyungnam University’s Institute for Far Eastern Studies in Seoul.

Lim said the Dandong-Sinuiju railroad has handled more than 70% of official trade between the two countries. There are no reports that other cross-border railway or truck transport routes have been reopened.

“The two sides will continue to strengthen coordination to ensure the steady and secure transport of goods and make further contributions to friendly relations between China and [North Korea],” said Wang, the Chinese spokesperson.

In April, China said it had halted the Dandong-Sinuiju freight train traffic amid the spread of COVID-19 in Dandong. Earlier in January, the two countries reopened the railway link following two years of suspension; North Korea had closed all of its international borders as part of the world’s harshest restrictions to guard against the pandemic.

China, which shares a porous border with North Korea, is North Korea’s economic pipeline and its last major diplomatic ally. More than 90% of North Korea’s external trade has been with China. The nosedive in trade volume between them during the pandemic was believed to have caused a further strain on North Korea’s fragile economy, which has also been hit by the sanctions, natural disasters and Kim’s own mismanagement.

Kim’s claim to have beaten the pandemic came only three months after his country first admitted an outbreak following a highly disputed claim to be coronavirus-free for more than two years.