The prevalence of long-COVID in children and adolescents

Background The acute stage of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection was the primary focus of healthcare up until this point. Nevertheless, many people develop incapacitating COVID 2019 symptoms months after, necessitating additional medical care and follow-up.

Altogether, there is a demand to establish awareness among parents, researchers, and physicians on the conditions after SARS-CoV-2 infection and for the healthcare system to deeply understand the sequelae to offer tailored medical care and treatment for adolescents and children. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to calculate the pooled prevalence with a 95% confidence interval utilizing the MetaXL software. Further, I2 statistics were used to evaluate heterogeneity. The authors followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviewers and Meta-analysis reporting guideline in this study.

Interestingly, several long-COVID symptoms reported in the current meta-analyses, including dysphagia, orthostatic intolerance, fatigue, mood disorders, sleep disturbances, poor attention, memory loss, and disorientation, were frequently seen in dysautonomia. A malfunction of the parasympathetic and, or sympathetic autonomic nervous system is known as dysautonomia.

Conclusions On the whole, the current meta-analyses provide additional evidence for the need to regularly monitor the effects of long-COVID in children and adolescents and the necessity of including all relevant control cohorts and factors in studies to comprehend the actual burden of pediatric long-COVID.

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