Tanystropheus: One of the most baffling animals that ever lived

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Tanystropheus: One of the most baffling animals that ever lived | via nytimes

Nearly 250 million years ago, a very odd reptile patrolled the shorelines and coves of the Triassic Alps. Called Tanystropheus, it had a toothy head and a body echoing that of modern monitor lizards. But between them stretched a horizontal, giraffelike neck.

Tanystropheus was initially described in the 1850s, based on a few tubelike bones. Only in the 1930s, when more complete fossils emerged from the Monte San Giorgio in Switzerland, did scientists realize they were looking at neck vertebrae from a strange reptile whose way of life they couldn’t figure out.

Spiekman’s team sought answers first by CT-scanning a specimen of Tanystropheus’ head from a Zurich museum and reconstructing it, which proved difficult because “all the bones were jumbled together and because the skull of Tanystropheus is very different from other reptiles in many respects.” To test whether the bones of the smaller Tanystropheus belonged to juveniles or a separate species, the team studied thin sections of bone prepared by Spiekman’s supervisor and co-author, Torsten Scheyer. A close look at the little bones’ interior revealed clear signs of a fully grown adult. That meant that two distinct species of Tanystropheus were coexisting in the same waters: one large, one mini.

 

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