In 2016, progressive artist collectives such as Tambisan sa Sining, Sining Kadamay, and UGATLahi collaborated on a 6-piece portable mural dubbed "Portraits of Peace" that visualized the realities the masses wanted to see during the administration of President Rodrigo Duterte.
According to professor Lisa Ito, who teaches art history and theory with concentration in protest art at the UP College of Fine Arts, 2016's Portraits of Peace was an "important work for discussion" due to its remarkable departure from previous SONAs that featured elaborately-made effigies of a sitting president that were then burned and destroyed at the end of the rally.
Protesters march with an effigy of President Duterte during his third State of the Nation Address in Quezon City on July 23, 2018. Mark Demayo, ABS-CBN News "Shokoy kasi reference to the West Philippine Sea and siya 'yung shokoy. May mga symbols pa 'yan eh, meron siyang China flag, may baril. It depicts paano niya binibitawan 'yung sovereignty ng Pilipinas and paninindigan for the Philippines in the face of China becoming more aggressive."An effigy is "a way of visualizing collective victory and signifies the struggle to overcome and destroy inequality," Ito said.
In the pre-martial law years, Ito said effigies started to become more visible during protests on oil price hikes, increasing militarization in the countryside, and the continuing ties of the Philippines with former colonizers. Beginning martial law in 1972, however, effigies and other objects of mass protests vanished.
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