Carbon neutrality is a shared planetary destination, but Southeast Asian countries are laying out their own road maps — including what some may call detours of sorts — to getting there in the next three to four decades.
“Nuclear power plants will be developed. Hydro and geothermal plant will be developed massively,” Indonesia’s Energy Minister Arifin Tasrif said, adding that the country is looking to solar power as it stops making new fossil-fuel plants after 2030, and retires coal-fired and diesel power plants from 2031 to 2040.
“It is currently not in a position to take an economy-wide approach in quantifying and reducing emissions. But we aspire to do so in the future,” said Myanmar’s Aung Than Oo, the military-appointed minister for electricity after the February coup. “One size does not fit all,” ERIA senior policy fellow Jun Arima said, even if ASEAN’s 10 countries are all bound by the Paris Agreement targets on greenhouse gases, three-fourths of which are carbon dioxide. “Pathways towards carbon neutrality could be diverse among countries,” he explained, though countries need to start moving now to reach carbon neutrality by the century’s second half.
Five of the region’s countries are in the list of those affected by the most severe climate-related events that overlap with the pandemic, says a September report by the International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and its climate centre. But these targets are not on track to being met. Global warming will exceed 2 Celsius in the 21st century, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warned in August.
About 82% of ASEAN’s new power capacity in 2020 was renewable - solar by Vietnam, hydro by Laos, he says. “More than 60% of newly installed capacity till 2025 will be from renewables,” Suryadi added.
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