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A study by UCL and the University of Innsbruck shows that e-cigarette users, even those who’ve smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes, experience DNA changes in cheek cells similar to those in smokers. This research emphasizes the need for long-term studies to evaluate the health impacts of vaping, suggesting e-cigarettes may not be as harmless as previously thought, despite being considered a safer alternative to smoking by health authorities.
Epigenomes change throughout our lives and can be affected by a variety of genetic or nongenetic factors – including aging, our lifestyles, exposure to hormones, chemicals, and environmental factors, and even stress and psychological trauma. One commonly studied type of epigenetic modification is called DNA methylation.
“We cannot say that e-cigarettes cause cancer based on our study, but we do observe e-cigarette users exhibit some similar epigenetic changes in buccal cells as smokers, and these changes are associated with future lung cancer development in smokers. Further studies will be required to investigate whether these features could be used to individually predict cancer in smokers and e-cigarette users.
Through their computational analysis of the samples, the researchers also found that some smoking-related epigenetic changes remain more stable than others after giving up smoking, including smoking-related epigenetic changes in cervical samples – something that has not previously been studied.
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