Scientists to solve the mystery of ORCs – strange radio emissions surrounding galaxies. New research links them to massive galaxy collisions.
These strange circular radio features, discovered around certain galaxies, have puzzled scientists ever since their first discovery in 2021. Now, a new observation of one particularly intriguing ORC, known as the Cloverleaf, is shedding light on its origin. Researchers postulate that it formed through the dramatic clash of massive groups of galaxies.
“This is the first time anyone has seen X-ray emission associated with an ORC. It was the missing key to unlock the secret of the Cloverleaf’s formation,” said Esra Bulbul, an astrophysicist at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics in Garching, Germany, who led the study.
“That measurement let us deduce that the Cloverleaf ORC is hosted by around a dozen galaxies that have gravitated together, which agrees with what we see in deep visible light images,” said Xiaoyuan Zhang, a postdoctoral researcher. “One fascinating idea for the powerful radio signal is that the resident supermassive black holes went through episodes of extreme activity in the past, and relic electrons from that ancient activity were reaccelerated by this merging event,” said Kim Weaver, the NASA project scientist for XMM-Newton.
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