Cervical cancer: Facts, myths, and how you can prevent it

A Pap smear involves inserting a speculum into the vagina to open it up so that a small brush can pass through to collect cells from the cervix. — Filepicon Malaysia by the ICO/IARC Information Centre on HPV and Cancer, cervical cancer ranks as the third leading cause of female cancer and the second most common female cancer in women aged 15 to 44 years in the country.

“The reason why pre-teen girls are vaccinated is because they are presumed to not have had any sexual contact at the age of 13, ” says Dr Kavitha. “Hence, older women may not get 80%-90% protection like school children, but may get about 30% protection instead. Some cross protection is still beneficial, ” says Dr Kavitha.

“HPV cannot live outside the body and be transmitted via fomites like tabletops and bedsheets, as it requires a medium or cellular structure, and nutrients, for survival.“Once minor surgery is done to remove the abnormal cells, the patient is potentially cured.”“Women need to understand that the vaccine does not offer 100% protection.

In identifying red flags related to cervical cancer, women should look out for symptoms like abnormal bleeding between menstrual periods, after sex or after menopause; discharge that is unusual in amount, consistency, colour or smell; frequent or painful urination; and pelvic pain.A Pap smear would usually be recommended by the specialist.

“There needs to be more awareness about the HPV test and how it is a more accurate form of screening. A Pap smear is not required for women who have never had any sexual intercourse, as there is practically no risk of contracting HPVs nor cervical cancer.Dr Kavitha shares: “If a patient’s Pap smear reveals the presence of cells that are slightly abnormal, we advise them not to smoke.

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